{{tag>tutoriel}}

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====== Comment créer sa webradio ? ======

Ce tutoriel a pour but d'expliquer le plus simplement possible l'installation d'une [[wpfr>Net_radio|Webradio]] sous Ubuntu.

Les webradios sont des stations plus ou moins semblables aux stations de radio. La particularité d’une webradio est qu’elle est diffusée sur Internet.

===== Pré-requis =====

Vérifiez que les [[:depots#universe_et_multiverse|dépôts Universe/Multiverse]] soient activés.

===== Installation =====

[[apt://icecast2,mpd|{{ apt.png|Cliquez pour installer les paquets (Ubuntu ≥ 8.04 LTS).}}]]

[[:tutoriel:comment_installer_un_paquet|Installez les paquets]] **icecast2 mpd**.


===== Configuration de MPD =====

Créer un fichier de configuration par défaut :

  sudo dpkg-reconfigure mpd

La configuration de MPD se fait par un simple fichier texte. [[:tutoriel:comment_editer_un_fichier|Éditer le fichier]] **/etc/mpd.conf**.

Voici un exemple du fichier « mpd.conf » //à modifier en fonction de votre configuration// !

<file>
######################## REQUIRED PATHS ########################
# You can put symlinks in here, if you like. Make sure that
# the user that mpd runs as (see the 'user' config parameter)
# can read the files in this directory.
music_directory		"/home/pseudo/Musiques" #<----- LE CHEMIN VERS VOS FICHIERS DE MUSIQUES
playlist_directory	"/var/lib/mpd/playlists"
db_file			"/var/lib/mpd/tag_cache"
log_file		"/var/log/mpd/mpd.log"
error_file		"/var/log/mpd/errors.log"
pid_file		"/var/run/mpd/pid"
################################################################


######################## DAEMON OPTIONS ########################
#
# If started as root, MPD will drop root privileges and run as
# this user instead.  Otherwise, MPD will run as the user it was
# started by.  If left unspecified, MPD will not drop root
# privileges at all (not recommended).
#
user                            "mpd"
#
# The address and port to listen on.
#
#bind_to_address                 "127.0.0.1"
#port                            "6600"
#
# Controls the amount of information that is logged.  Can be
# "default", "secure", or "verbose".
#
#log_level                       "default"
#
################################################################


########################## PERMISSIONS #########################
#
# MPD can require that users specify a password before using it.
# You may specify one ore more here, along with what users who
# log in with that password are allowed to do.
#
password                        "VOTRE_MOT_DE_PASSE@read,add,control,admin"  #<----- REMPLASSER 'VOTRE_MOT_DE_PASSE'
#
# Specifies what permissions a user who has not logged in with a
# password has.  By default, all users have full access to MPD
# if no password is specified above, or no access if one or
# more passwords are specified.
#
#default_permissions             "read,add,control,admin"
#
################################################################


########################## AUDIO OUTPUT ########################
audio_output {
        type                    "shout"
        name                    "Mydoom666 Stream" #<----- NOM DE VOTRE WEBRADIO
        host                    "127.0.0.1"
        port                    "8000"

        mount                   "/mydoom666" #<----- NOM DE LA PLAYLIST SANS L'EXTENSION
        password                "VOTRE_MOT_DE_PASSE" #<----- REMPLASSER 'VOTRE_MOT_DE_PASSE'
        quality                 "5.0"
#        bitrate                 "128"
        format                  "44100:16:1"
#        user                    "source"                # optional
        description             "Mydoom666's Zik" #<----- LA DESCRIPTION DE VOTRE WEBRADIO
        genre                   "MaZikaMoi"
#        public                  "yes"                    # optional
}
#
# Force all decoded audio to be converted to this format before
# being passed to the audio outputs.
#
#audio_output_format             "44100:16:2"
#
################################################################


############################# LIMITS ###########################
#
# These are various limits to prevent MPD from using too many
# resources.  You should only change them if they start
# restricting your usage of MPD.
#
connection_timeout              "60" 
max_connections                 "5" #<----- NOMBRE DE CONNECTION MAXIMUM
max_playlist_length             "16384"
max_command_list_size           "2048"
max_output_buffer_size          "8192"
#
################################################################
</file>


===== Configuration de Icecast2 =====

[[:tutoriel:comment_editer_un_fichier|Éditez le fichier]] **/etc/icecast2/icecast.xml**, fichier de configuration de Icecast2.

Il y a pas grand chose à modifier, à part les mots de passe. ;-)

Exemple de fichier (à adapter à votre configuration) :

> FIXME Préciser ce qu’il y a à modifier sans montrer l'intégralité du fichier. --- [[utilisateurs:Ner0lph]], le 13/04/2008, à 23:55

<code XML>
<icecast>
    <limits>
        <clients>5</clients>
        <sources>5</sources>
        <threadpool>5</threadpool>
        <queue-size>524288</queue-size>
        <client-timeout>30</client-timeout>
        <header-timeout>15</header-timeout>
        <source-timeout>10</source-timeout>
        <!-- If enabled, this will provide a burst of data when a client 
             first connects, thereby significantly reducing the startup 
             time for listeners that do substantial buffering. However,
             it also significantly increases latency between the source
             client and listening client.  For low-latency setups, you
             might want to disable this. -->
        <burst-on-connect>1</burst-on-connect>
        <!-- same as burst-on-connect, but this allows for being more
             specific on how much to burst. Most people won't need to
             change from the default 64k. Applies to all mountpoints  -->
        <burst-size>65535</burst-size>
    </limits>

    <authentication>
        <!-- Sources log in with username 'source' -->
        <source-password>argounay</source-password>
        <!-- Relays log in username 'relay' -->
        <relay-password>argounay</relay-password>

        <!-- Admin logs in with the username given below -->
        <admin-user>admin</admin-user>
        <admin-password>argounay</admin-password>
    </authentication>

    <!-- Uncomment this if you want directory listings -->
    <!--
    <directory>
        <yp-url-timeout>15</yp-url-timeout>
        <yp-url>http://dir.xiph.org/cgi-bin/yp-cgi</yp-url>
    </directory>
     -->

    <!-- This is the hostname other people will use to connect to your server.
    It affects mainly the urls generated by Icecast for playlists and yp
    listings. -->
    <hostname>127.0.0.1</hostname>

    <!-- You can use these two if you only want a single listener -->
    <!--<port>8000</port> -->
    <!--<bind-address>127.0.0.1</bind-address>-->

    <!-- You may have multiple <listener> elements -->
    <listen-socket>
        <port>8000</port>
        <!-- <bind-address>127.0.0.1</bind-address> -->
    </listen-socket>
    <!--
    <listen-socket>
        <port>8001</port>
    </listen-socket>
    -->

    <!--<master-server>127.0.0.1</master-server>-->
    <!--<master-server-port>8001</master-server-port>-->
    <!--<master-update-interval>120</master-update-interval>-->
    <!--<master-password>hackme</master-password>-->

    <!-- setting this makes all relays on-demand unless overridden, this is
         useful for master relays which do not have <relay> definitions here.
         The default is 0 -->
    <!--<relays-on-demand>1</relays-on-demand>-->

    <!--
    <relay>
        <server>127.0.0.1</server>
        <port>8001</port>
        <mount>/example.ogg</mount>
        <local-mount>/different.ogg</local-mount>
        <on-demand>0</on-demand>

        <relay-shoutcast-metadata>0</relay-shoutcast-metadata>
    </relay>
    -->

    <!-- Only define a <mount> section if you want to use advanced options,
         like alternative usernames or passwords
    <mount>
        <mount-name>/example-complex.ogg</mount-name>

        <username>othersource</username>
        <password>hackmemore</password>

        <max-listeners>1</max-listeners>
        <dump-file>/tmp/dump-example1.ogg</dump-file>
        <burst-size>65536</burst-size>
        <fallback-mount>/example2.ogg</fallback-mount>
        <fallback-override>1</fallback-override>
        <fallback-when-full>1</fallback-when-full>
        <intro>/example_intro.ogg</intro>
        <hidden>1</hidden>
        <no-yp>1</no-yp>
        <authentication type="htpasswd">
                <option name="filename" value="myauth"/>
                <option name="allow_duplicate_users" value="0"/>
        </authentication>
        <on-connect>/home/icecast/bin/stream-start</on-connect>
        <on-disconnect>/home/icecast/bin/stream-stop</on-disconnect>
    </mount>

    <mount>
        <mount-name>/auth_example.ogg</mount-name>
        <authentication type="url">
            <option name="mount_add"       value="http://myauthserver.net/notify_mount.php"/>
            <option name="mount_remove"    value="http://myauthserver.net/notify_mount.php"/>
            <option name="listener_add"    value="http://myauthserver.net/notify_listener.php"/>
            <option name="listener_remove" value="http://myauthserver.net/notify_listener.php"/>
        </authentication>
    </mount>

    -->

    <fileserve>1</fileserve>

    <!-- set the mountpoint for a shoutcast source to use, the default if not
         specified is /stream but you can change it here if an alternative is
         wanted or an extension is required
    <shoutcast-mount>/live.nsv</shoutcast-mount>
    -->

    <paths>
		<!-- basedir is only used if chroot is enabled -->
        <basedir>/usr/share/icecast2</basedir>

        <!-- Note that if <chroot> is turned on below, these paths must both
             be relative to the new root, not the original root -->
        <logdir>/var/log/icecast2</logdir>
        <webroot>/usr/share/icecast2/web</webroot>
        <adminroot>/usr/share/icecast2/admin</adminroot>
        <!-- <pidfile>/usr/share/icecast2/icecast.pid</pidfile> -->

        <!-- Aliases: treat requests for 'source' path as being for 'dest' path
             May be made specific to a port or bound address using the "port"
             and "bind-address" attributes.
          -->
        <!--
        <alias source="/foo" dest="/bar"/>
          -->
        <!-- Aliases: can also be used for simple redirections as well,
             this example will redirect all requests for http://server:port/ to
             the status page
          -->
        <alias source="/" dest="/status.xsl"/>
    </paths>

    <logging>
        <accesslog>access.log</accesslog>
        <errorlog>error.log</errorlog>
        <!-- <playlistlog>playlist.log</playlistlog> -->
      	<loglevel>4</loglevel> <!-- 4 Debug, 3 Info, 2 Warn, 1 Error -->
      	<logsize>10000</logsize> <!-- Max size of a logfile -->
        <!-- If logarchive is enabled (1), then when logsize is reached
             the logfile will be moved to [error|access|playlist].log.DATESTAMP,
             otherwise it will be moved to [error|access|playlist].log.old.
             Default is non-archive mode (i.e. overwrite)
        -->
        <!-- <logarchive>1</logarchive> -->
    </logging>

    <security>
        <chroot>0</chroot>
        <!--
        <changeowner>
            <user>nobody</user>
            <group>nogroup</group>
        </changeowner>
        -->
    </security>
</icecast>
</code>

Pour faire tourner Icecast2 en tache de fond, [[:tutoriel:comment_editer_un_fichier|éditez le fichier]] **/etc/default/icecast2** et modifiez à la fin du fichier pour obtenir :

<file>ENABLE=true</file>

Terminé ! :-D

Relancer les services mpd et icecast2 :

  sudo /etc/init.d/mpd restart
  sudo /etc/init.d/icecast2 restart

Puis créer la base de donnée de MPD :

  sudo mpd –create-db

<note>
Vous pouvez maintenant accéder au serveur icecast2 à l’adresse http://adresse.com:8000/ (http://127.0.0.1:8000/ si vous êtes en local).

La playlist se trouve à l’adresse : http://adresse.com:8000/nom_de_la_playlist.m3u.

Vous avez choisi le nom de cette playlist lors de la configuration du fichier « mpd.conf ». (Que vous pouvez modifier a tout moment, il faudra juste penser a relancer les services pour que les modifications soient prises en compte.</note>

===== Client de MPD =====

==== GMPC ====

**GMPC** est un client qui permet l’utilisation de MPD avec une [[http://i49.servimg.com/u/f49/11/19/52/01/09040810.jpg|interface graphique]].

{{ mydoom666_gmpc2.png }}

<note tip>
  * Plus de captures : http://sarine.nl/gmpc-screenshots
  * Plus d’informations sur GMPC : http://www.musicpd.org/gmpc.shtml
  * Plus de clients pour MPD : http://www.musicpd.org/clients.shtml
</note>

[[:tutoriel:comment_installer_un_paquet|Installez le paquet]] **gmpc** pour installer GMPC.


===== Ouvrir le port dans le pare-feu =====

Dernière étape, ouvrir le port 8000 dans le pare-feu. Le port 8000 (par défaut) est celui utilisé par Icecast2 pour envoyer les flux aux clients. Pour cela, utilisez [[:Firestarter]].
<note help>[[:firestarter#onglet_politique|Comment ajouter une règle à Iptables avec Firestarter]]</note>

Il est possible d’administrer votre serveur a distance en ouvrant le port 6600 (par défaut). Il suffira ensuite dans GMPC de bien spécifier l’adresse distante du serveur.

<note important>Attention, **ces ports doivent être ouverts** dans votre routeur et redirigés vers l’adresse IP de la machine serveur.</note>

===== Informations supplémentaires =====

  * http://www.icecast.org/
  * http://www.musicpd.org/
  * [[wpfr>Net_radio]]

===== Source =====

  * http://www.mydoom666.com/2008/04/creer-sa-webradio-sous-ubuntu

----

//Contributeurs : [[utilisateurs:Mydoom666]], [[utilisateurs:Ner0lph]].//